Seminars in Nephrology
Volume 28, Issue 4 , Pages 354-362, July 2008

Snakebite-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Latin America

  • Fábia M. Oliveira Pinho, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Fábia M. Oliveira Pinho, MD, R. 86, no. 115, Sala: 104, Setor Sul Goiânia-Goiás, Brazil 74.083-330.
    • ,
  • Luis Yu, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • ARF Group, Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
    • ,
  • Emmanuel A. Burdmann, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Nephrology, São José do Rio Preto Medical School, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.

Summary 

There are 4 genera of venomous snakes in Latin America: Bothrops, Crotalus, Lachesis, and Micrurus. Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been reported consistently after Bothrops and Crotalus envenomations. In fact, these 2 genera of snakes are responsible, along with the Russell's viper, for the majority of cases of snakebite-induced AKI reported worldwide. Although the Bothrops snakes are the leading cause of venomous snakebites in Latin America, the absolute number of AKI cases seen after Bothrops and Crotalus snakebites is similar. In this article the main characteristics of Bothrops and Crotalus snakes and their venoms, the clinical picture, and the pattern of accidents, risk factors, and mechanisms of renal injury are reviewed.

Keywords: Snakebite, acute kidney injury, Latin America, Bothrops, Crotalus

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 Dr. Emmanuel A. Burdmann is partially supported by grants from the Foundation for the Support of Research in the State of São Paulo (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPESP) and from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq).

PII: S0270-9295(08)00082-X

doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2008.04.004

Seminars in Nephrology
Volume 28, Issue 4 , Pages 354-362, July 2008

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