Sex, Race, and Socioeconomic Disparities in Kidney Disease in Children
Summary
Racial and gender differences in the prevalence and treatment of chronic kidney disease in US children have been reported. Girls have lower rates of kidney transplantation than boys. Incidence of end-stage renal disease is twice as high among black patients compared with whites. African Americans are less likely than white patients to achieve hemoglobin targets on dialysis, are more likely to be treated with hemodialysis, and to wait longer for a transplant. Reasons for these disparities in disease burden and treatment choices are not known, but possible causes include genetic factors and socioeconomic and sociocultural influences on accessing medical care.
⁎Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
†Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
‡The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, & Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
Address reprint requests to Dr. Susan Furth, Departments of Pediatrics and Epidemiology, The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, & Clinical Research, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 2024 E. Monument St, Baltimore, MD 21287
Supported in part by the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children study, funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, with additional funding from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (UO1-DK-66174).
ABSTRACT