Summary
Kidney cell death plays a key role in the progression of life-threatening renal diseases,
such as acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Injured and dying epithelial
and endothelial cells take part in complex communication with the innate immune system,
which drives the progression of cell death and the decrease in renal function. To
improve our understanding of kidney cell death dynamics and its impact on renal disease,
a study approach is needed that facilitates the visualization of renal function and
morphology in real time. Intravital multiphoton microscopy of the kidney has been
used for more than a decade and made substantial contributions to our understanding
of kidney physiology and pathophysiology. It is a unique tool that relates renal structure
and function in a time- and spatial-dependent manner. Basic renal function, such as
microvascular blood flow regulation and glomerular filtration, can be determined in
real time and homeostatic alterations, which are linked inevitably to cell death and
can be depicted down to the subcellular level. This review provides an overview of
the available techniques to study kidney dysfunction and inflammation in terms of
cell death in vivo, and addresses how this novel approach can be used to improve our
understanding of cell death dynamics in renal disease.
Keywords
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